Division Sign
The division sign (÷) is a mathematical symbol consisting of a short horizontal line with a dot above and another dot below, used in Anglophone countries to indicate the operation of division.
This usage, though widespread in some countries, is not universal and the symbol has a different meaning in other countries. Its use to denote division is not recommended in the ISO 80000-2 standard for mathematical notation.
| ÷ | |
|---|---|
Division sign | |
| In Unicode | U+00F7 ÷ DIVISION SIGN (÷, ÷) |
| Different from | |
| Different from | U+2052 ⁒ COMMERCIAL MINUS SIGN U+002B + PLUS SIGN U+2020 † DAGGER U+034B ͋ COMBINING HOMOTHETIC ABOVE |
| Related | |
| See also | U+00D7 × MULTIPLICATION SIGN |
In mathematics
The obelus, a historical glyph consisting of a horizontal line with (or without) one or more dots, was first used as a symbol for division in 1659, in the algebra book Teutsche Algebra by Johann Rahn, although previous writers had used the same symbol for subtraction. Some near-contemporaries believed that John Pell, who edited the book, may have been responsible for this use of the symbol. Other symbols for division include the slash or solidus /, the colon :, and the fraction bar (the horizontal bar in a vertical fraction). The ISO 80000-2 standard for mathematical notation recommends only the solidus / or "fraction bar" for division, or the "colon" : for ratios; it says that the ÷ sign "should not be used" for division.
In Italy, Poland and Russia, the ÷ sign was sometimes used to denote a range of values, and in Scandinavian countries it was used as a negation sign.
The same symbol has been used to represent subtraction in north-eastern Europe: the Unicode Consortium has allocated a separate code point, U+2052 ⁒ COMMERCIAL MINUS SIGN for this usage uniquely; the exact form of the symbol displayed is typeface (font) dependent.
In computer systems
Encoding
The symbol was assigned to code point 0xF7 in ISO 8859-1, as the "division sign". This encoding was transferred to Unicode as U+00F7. In HTML, it can be encoded as ÷ or ÷ (at HTML level 3.2), or as ÷.
Unicode provides various division symbols:
| Code Point | Name | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| U+00F7 | Division Sign | ÷ |
| U+27CC | Long Division | ⟌ |
| U+2215 | Division Slash | ∕ |
| U+2A38 | Circled Division Sign | ⨸ |
| U+2797 | Heavy Division Sign | ➗ |
| U+2298 | Circled Division Slash | ⊘ |
| U+22C7 | Division Times | ⋇ |
| U+29BC | Circled Anticlockwise-Rotated | ⦼ |
Keyboard entry
In Microsoft Windows, this division sign is produced with Alt+0247 (or 246 with no zero) on the number pad, or by pressing Alt Gr+⇧ Shift++ when an appropriate keyboard layout is in use. In classic Mac OS and macOS, it is produced with ⌥ Option+/.
On UNIX-based systems using Screen or X with a Compose key enabled, it can be produced by composing : (colon) and - (hyphen/minus). It may also be produced using its Unicode code-point (F7), by pressing Control+⇧ Shift+u f7space.
In LaTeX, the division sign is obtained by the command \div.
In ChromeOS (with International/Extended keyboard setting), the division sign is obtained by pressing AltGr+⇧ Shift++. Otherwise, the Unix-style methods may be used.
See also
Notes
External links
- Jeff Miller: Earliest Uses of Various Mathematical Symbols
- Michael Quinion: Where our arithmetic symbols come from
The dictionary definition of division sign at Wiktionary
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