Events
Ferdinand Porsche holding a steering wheel January 27 – Pierre Laval forms a government in France February 16 – Pehr Evind Svinhufvud is elected president of Finland March 31 – An earthquake destroys Managua , Nicaragua , killing 2,000 people April 25 – The automobile manufacturer Porsche is founded by Ferdinand Porsche in Stuttgart May 1 – Construction of the Empire State Building is completed in New York City June 3 – Salvador Dalí 's The Persistence of Memory is put on display for the first time July 9 – Irish racing driver Kaye Don breaks the world water speed record at Lake Garda, Italy July 20 – A violent tornado strikes the city of Lublin , Poland . August – Warner Brothers releases the first Merrie Melodies cartoon September- The 1931 Belize hurricane strikes Belize (then British Honduras), killing over 2,500 people September 22 – The United Kingdom abandons the gold standard October 5 – American aviators Clyde Edward Pangborn and Hugh Herndon, Jr. complete the first non-stop flight across the Pacific Ocean. They travel from Misawa, Japan to East Wenatchee, Washington in 41½ hours. November 7 – The Chinese Soviet Republic is proclaimed by Mao Zedong December 10 – Niceto Alcalá-Zamora is elected president of the Spanish Republic Births
Deaths
Anna Pavlova January 23 – Anna Pavlova , Russian ballerina (b. 1881 ) February 11 – Charles Algernon Parsons, British inventor (b. 1854 ) February 26 – Otto Wallach, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1847 ) March 7 – Akseli Gallen-Kallela , Finnish painter (b. 1865 ) April 8 – Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864 ) April 26 – George Herbert Mead, American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist (b. 1863 ) May 9 – Albert Abraham Michelson , German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852 ) June 2 – Joseph W. Farnham, American screenwriter (b. 1884 ) July 12 – Nathan Söderblom , Swedish archbishop, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1866 ) August 26 – Hamaguchi Osachi , 27th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1870 ) September 12 – Joseph Le Brix, French aviator and naval officer (b. 1899 ) October 21 – Arthur Schnitzler, Austrian author and dramatist (b. 1862 ) November 13 – Ivan Fichev, Bulgarian general, minister of defense, military historian, and academician (b. 1860 ) December 9 – Antonio Salandra , Italian statesman, 21st Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1853 ) December 27 – José Figueroa Alcorta, 16th President of Argentina (b. 1860 ) Nobel Prizes
Nobel Prize in Physics – not awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry won by Carl Bosch , German chemist and engineer , and Friedrich Bergius, German chemist Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine won by Otto Heinrich Warburg , German chemist , (1883 – 1970 ) Nobel Prize in Literature won by Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish poet Nobel Peace Prize won by Jane Addams , American activist, and Nicholas Murray Butler, American philosopher, diplomat, and educator Movies released
Norma Shearer References
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