Czech Republic: Country in Central Europe

Czechia (Czech: Česko, is a country in Central Europe.

As of 2 May 2016, the official long name of the country is the Czech Republic (Czech: Česká republika, pronounced [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka]  (Czech Republic: History, Geography, Regions listen)). The capital and the biggest city is Prague (Czech: Praha, pronounced [ˈpraha]). The currency is the Czech Crown (koruna česká - CZK). €1 is about 25 CZK. The president of Czechia is Petr Pavel. Czechia's population is about 10.5 million.

Czech Republic
Česká republika  (Czech)
Motto: "Pravda vítězí" (Czech)
"Truth prevails"
Anthem: 
Location of the  Czech Republic  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)  —  [Legend]
Location of the  Czech Republic  (dark green)

– on the European continent  (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union  (green)  —  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Prague
50°05′N 14°28′E / 50.083°N 14.467°E / 50.083; 14.467
Official and national languageCzech
Other official recognised languages
Ethnic groups
(2011)
Religion
  • 86.7% non-religious or undeclared
  • 10.4% Roman Catholic
  • 2.2% other Christians
  • 0.7% other religions
Demonym(s)Czech
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary
constitutional republic
• President
Petr Pavel
Petr Fiala
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Formation
• Duchy of Bohemia
c. 870
1198
• Czechoslovakia
(Independence from
Austria-Hungary)
28 October 1918
• Federalization of Czechoslovakia
(Czech Socialist Republic)
1 January 1969
• Czech Republic became independent
1 January 1993
• Joined the European Union
1 May 2004
Area
• Total
78,871 km2 (30,452 sq mi) (115th)
• Water (%)
2.12 (as of 2020)
Population
• 2021 estimate
10,701,777 (86th)
• 2011 census
10,436,560
• Density
136/km2 (352.2/sq mi) (62th)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $432.346 billion (36th)
• Per capita
Increase $40,585 (34th)
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $261.732 billion (36th)
• Per capita
Increase $24,569 (37th)
Gini (2019)Steady 24.0
low · 5th
HDI (2019)Increase 0.900
very high · 27th
CurrencyCzech koruna (CZK)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+420b
ISO 3166 codeCZ
Internet TLD.czc
  1. The question is rhetorical, implying "those places where my homeland lies".
  2. Code 42 was shared with Slovakia until 1997.
  3. Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states.
Czech Republic: History, Geography, Regions
Hradčany – Prague castle
Czech Republic: History, Geography, Regions
Regions with their administrative seats

The local language is the Czech language, a Slavic language related to languages like Slovak and Polish.

Czechia has no sea; its neighbour countries are Germany, Austria, Slovakia, and Poland.

History

Its history dates from the 9th century AD, for a long time it was one of the most powerful countries in Central Europe. Later on it was the biggest, most populated and richest country of the First Reich, where many Emperors started their career. Under the conditions of the Treaty of Vienna 1515 parts of Czechia, then in the Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary, came under Habsburg rule after the death of Louis the Jagiellon in 1526. They stayed a part of the Habsburg dynasty rule until 1918.

The area of the today's Czechia was a part of Czechoslovakia (current area of Czechia and Slovak republic) from 1918 to 1992. Czechoslovakia became independent in 1918 from Austro-Hungarian Empire. The first Czechoslovakian president was Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. In February 1948 the Communist party took over the country and for the next 41 years Czechoslovakia was a Socialist state with a rule of one (Communist) party. In 1968 there was a reformation movement (Prague Spring) within the Communist party, but reforms were stopped by the invasion of Warsaw pact armies. In November 1989 Czechoslovakia returned to democracy through the peaceful "Velvet Revolution".  Czechoslovakia peacefully split into two countries (Czechia and Slovakia) in 1993. Czechia has been a member of the European Union since 1 May 2004, and a member of NATO since 12 March 1999.

Geography

The highest point in the country is Sněžka at 1,602 m (5,256 ft).

There are four national parks in Czechia. The oldest is Krkonoše National Park. The others are Šumava National Park, Podyjí National Park, Bohemian Switzerland.

Regions

In 1949 the Communist government created 13 centralized regions instead of historical countries. In 1960 the regions changed leaving only 8 regions. In 2000 14 regions were formed with their own regional self-government.

English name Czech name Administrative seat
Prague, the Capital City Hlavní město Praha Prague
Central Bohemian Region Středočeský kraj Prague
South Bohemian Region Jihočeský kraj České Budějovice
Plzeň Region Plzeňský kraj Plzeň
Karlovy Vary Region Karlovarský kraj Karlovy Vary
Ústí nad Labem Region Ústecký kraj Ústí nad Labem
Liberec Region Liberecký kraj Liberec
Hradec Králové Region Královehradecký kraj Hradec Králové
Pardubice Region Pardubický kraj Pardubice
Olomouc Region Olomoucký kraj Olomouc
Moravian-Silesian Region Moravskoslezský kraj Ostrava
South Moravian Region Jihomoravský kraj Brno
Zlín Region Zlínský kraj Zlín
Vysočina region Kraj Vysočina Jihlava

Religion

Religion in the Czech Republic (2011)
Undeclared
45.2%
Irreligion
34.2%
Roman Catholicism
10.3%
Other religions
9.4%
Protestantism
0.8%

Czechia has one of the least religious populations in the world. According to the 2011 census, 34.2% of the population stated they had no religion, 10.3% were Roman Catholic, 0.8% were Protestant (0.5% Czech Brethren and 0.4% Hussite), and 9.4% followed other forms of religion both denominational or not (of which 863 people answered they are Pagan). 45.2% of the population did not answer the question about religion.

References

Other websites

Tags:

Czech Republic HistoryCzech Republic GeographyCzech Republic RegionsCzech Republic ReligionCzech Republic Related pagesCzech Republic Other websitesCzech Republic

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