Австралия
Австралия, официалго Австралиялъул Цадахълъи, буго суверенияб пачалихъ, Австралияб континенги, Тасманиялъул чӀинкӀиллъиги, ва чанго гӀиссинал чӀинкӀиллъабиги гъорлӀе рачараб.
7,617,930 square kilometres (2,941,300 sq mi) бугеб гӀатӀилъигун, Австралия буго территориялъул рахъалъ Океаниялда бищун кӀудияб пачалихъ ва дунялалъул анлӀабилеб бищун кӀудияб пачалихъ.
Австралиялъул Цадахълъи | |
|---|---|
.svg) Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Гьимн: Advance Australia Fair | |
.svg) Австралиялъул Цадахълъи, Антарктикаялда дагӀба балел территорияги гъорлӀе бачун | |
| Тахшагьар | Канберра HGЯO |
| Бищун кӀудияб шагьар | Сидней |
| Расмиял мацӀал | Цониги федералияб даражаялда |
| Миллияб мацӀ | Ингилис |
| Дин (2016) |
|
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | Федералияб парламентарияб конституционалияб монархия |
• Монарх | Карл III |
• Генерал-губернатор | Дэвид Гьёрли |
• Премьер-министер | Энтони Альбанезе |
| Legislature | Парламент |
• ТӀасиб палат | Сенат |
• Гъоркьияб палат | Вакилзабазулаб палата |
| Истикълал | |
• Федерация, конституция | 1 январ 1901 |
• Вестминстералъул адопциялъул акталъул статут | 9 октобер 1942 (1939 соналъул 3 септембералдаса) |
• Австрал акт | 3 март 1986 |
| Area | |
• Total | 7,692,024 km2 (2,969,907 sq mi) (6-б) |
• Water (%) | 1.79 (2015 соналде бугедухъ) |
| Population | |
• 2024 estimate |  26 384 600 (53-б) |
• 2016 census | 23,401,892 |
• Density | 3.4/km2 (8.8/sq mi) (192-б) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | ▲ $1.605 триллион (18-б) |
• Per capita | ▲ $61,941 (21-б) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | ▲ $1.748 триллион (13-б) |
• Per capita | ▲ $67,464 (11-б) |
| Gini (2018) |  32.5medium · 16-б |
| HDI (2019) | ▲ 0.944 very high · 8-б |
| Currency | Австрал доллар ($) (AUD) |
| Time zone | UTC+8; +9.5; +10 (БатӀи-батӀияб) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+8; +9.5; +10; +10.5; +11 (БатӀи-батӀияб) |
| Date format | къ/мм/сссс сссс-мм-къ |
| Driving side | квегӀиса |
| Calling code | +61 |
| Internet TLD | .au |
Баянкьелал
МугъчӀваял
Библиография
- Davison, Graeme; Hirst, John; Macintyre, Stuart (1998). The Oxford Companion to Australian History. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-553597-6.
- Jupp, James (2001). The Australian people: an encyclopedia of the nation, its people, and their origins. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-80789-0.
- Jupp, James; Director Centre for Immigration and Multicultural Studies James Jupp (2001). The Australian People: An Encyclopedia of the Nation, Its People and Their Origins. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-80789-0.
- Smith, Bernard; Smith, Terry (1991). Australian painting 1788–1990. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-554901-0.
- Teo, Hsu-Ming; White, Richard (2003). Cultural history in Australia. University of New South Wales Press. ISBN 978-0-86840-589-6.
ТӀадеги цӀалиялъе
Халип:Further
- Denoon, Donald, et al. (2000). A History of Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-17962-3.
- Goad, Philip and Julie Willis (eds.) (2011). The Encyclopedia of Australian Architecture. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-88857-8.
- Hughes, Robert (1986). The Fatal Shore: The Epic of Australia's Founding. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-50668-5.
- Powell, J.M. (1988). An Historical Geography of Modern Australia: The Restive Fringe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25619-4
- Robinson, G.M., Loughran, R.J., and Tranter, P.J. (2000). Australia and New Zealand: Economy, Society and Environment. London: Arnold; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-340-72033-6 paperback, ISBN 0-340-72032-8 hardback.
- Brett, Judith (2019). From Secret Ballot to Democracy Sausage: How Australia Got Compulsory Voting. Text Publishing Co. ISBN 978-1-925603-84-2.
КъватӀисел регӀелал
Халип:Spoken Wikipedia Халип:Sister project links
Викигъамас: Атлас: Австралия 
- Халип:Osmrelation-inline
- About Australia from the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade website
- Governments of Australia website (federal, states and territories)
- Australian Government website
- Australian Bureau of Statistics
- Tourism Australia
- Австралия at Curlie
Халип:Prone to spam Халип:Australia topics
This article uses material from the Wikipedia Авар article Австралия, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license ("CC BY-SA 3.0"); additional terms may apply (view authors). Контент рагьараб буго CC BY-SA 4.0 лицензиялда гъоркь, цогидаб бихьизабун гьечӀони. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
®Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wiki Foundation, Inc. Wiki Авар (DUHOCTRUNGQUOC.VN) is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wiki Foundation.