Cleopatra

Siya sarong diplomatiko, komander kan hukbong dagat, linguista, asin parasurat sa medisina. Bilang miyembro kan Ptolemaic dynasty, siya sarong aki ni Ptolemy I Soter, sarong heneral na Macedonian Greek asin kaiba ni Alexander the Great. Pagkagadan ni f Cleopatra, an Ehipto nagin probinsya kan Egypt became a province of the Imperyong Romano, na nagtapos sa Hellenistic period na uminabot kan puuon kan pamamahala ni Alexander (336–323 BC). An saiyang tataramon iyo an Koine Greek asin siya an enot na Ptolemaic ruler na nakanuod kan lengguwahe nin Ehipto.

Cleopatra VII Philopator
The Berlin Cleopatra, a Roman sculpture of Cleopatra wearing a royal diadem, mid-1st century BC (around the time of her visits to Rome in 46–44 BC), discovered in an Italian villa along the Via Appia and now located in the Altes Museum in Germany.
Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom
Reign	51 BC to 10th or 12th August 30 BC (21 years)
Suminunod ki	Ptolemy XII Auletes
Sinundan ni	Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Co-rulers	Ptolemy XII Auletes Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator Ptolemy XIV Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Iminundag	Early 69 BC Alexandria, Ptolemaic Kingdom
Nagadan	10 or 12 August 30 BC (aged 39) Alexandria, Egypt
Spouse	Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator Ptolemy XIV Mark Antony
Isyu	Caesarion (with Julius Caesar) Alexander Helios (with Mark Antony) Cleopatra Selene II (with Mark Antony) Ptolemy Philadelphus (with Mark Antony)
Bilog na Pangaran Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator
Amá	Ptolemy XII Auletes
Iná	Presumably Cleopatra VI Tryphaena (also known as Cleopatra V Tryphaena)

Cleopatra VII in hieroglyphs
Cleopatra Qlwpdrt
​ Horus name (1): Wer(et)-neb(et)-neferu-achet-seh Wr(.t)-nb(.t)-nfrw-3ḫ(t)-sḥ The great Lady of perfection, excellent in counsel
​ Horus name (2): Weret-tut-en-it-es Wr.t-twt-n-jt=s The great one, sacred image of her father
Cleopatra netjeret mer(et) ites Qlwpdrt nṯrt mr(t) jts The goddess Cleopatra who is beloved of her father

Sa buhay niya kan siya sarong namayong reyna sa Ehipto, may magkapirang maoonabihan kan saiyang pamomoon: Siya an ultimong aktibong pharaoh kan Ehipto. Dakulon siyang lenggwaheng nano'dan taramon maski totoo an saiyang kinamundagan na tataramon iyo an Koine Greek. Si Cleopatra magabat asin mahiwas nanggad an impluensya niya sa politika kan Roma. Siya man maski nabaro-babae, nagpamayo sa sarong armadang pandagat sa Batalya nin Actium. Sinasabi pa na saiyang naimpluensya kun pano maggobyerno nin mga Imperyo sa mga Nasyon nin subangan.

An Latinisado na pormang Cleopatra gikan sa Suanoy na Griegong Kleopátra (Κλεοπάτρα), na an boot sabihon "kamuraway kan saiyang ama", hale sa κλέος (kléos, "kamurawayan") asin πατήρ (patḗr, "ama"). An panlalaking porma pigtatantyang naisurat bilang Kleópatros (Κλεόπατρος) o Pátroklos (Πάτροκλος). Cleopatra man an naging pangaran kan babaying tugang ni Alexander the Great, sagkod ni Cleopatra Alcyone, agom ni Meleager sa mitong Griyego. Susog sa kasal ni Ptolemy V Epiphanes asin Cleopatra I Syra (sarong prinsesang Seleucid), an pangaran nakalaog sa dinastiyang Ptolemaic. An titulong Theā́ Philopátōra (Θεᾱ́ Φιλοπάτωρα) inako man ni Cleopatra bilang pakahulugan na "diyosang minumuot an saiyang ama".

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  Cleopatra and Caesar (1866), pininta Jean-Léon Gérôme
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  Ladawan kan reyna nin Ptolemaic, posibleng si Cleopatra, c. 51-30 BC,Brooklyn Museum