岳

Han character edit

岳 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人一山 (OMU), four-corner 7277₂, composition ⿱丘山)

Related terms edit

• 山

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 309, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8001
• Dae Jaweon: page 609, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 767, character 14
• Unihan data for U+5CB3

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 岳姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• Ga̍k (san-pêng) (Southern Min)

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 岳
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 丘 (“hill”) + 山 (“mountain”).

Etymology 1 edit

Unclear. Compare Proto-North Bahnaric *ŋŏk ("mountain") (> Halang ngŏk and Sedang ŋɔ). Note also Proto-Hlai *hŋwʔo³ (“mountain”) and perhaps also Burmese ငေါ (ngau:), [script needed] (ŋok-ŋak, “project, stick up or out”), [script needed] (ŋroŋʼ, “any sharp thing sticking out; sharp stump or thorn”), and Tibetan རྔོག (rngog, “hump”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT instead derives it from provisional Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kak (“expensive, at its peak”) and considers it cognate to 極 (OC *N‑kək; N‑k(r)ək, “ridge of house; the highest point; extreme limit, utmost”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *kak (“expensive, intense, at its peak”) (> Lisu [script needed] (phy²¹ kha³⁵, “expensive”)), Ersu phɛ⁵⁵ khuɑ⁵⁵ (“expensive”), and Galo `kog dɨr (“peak”).

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

岳

1. (alt. form 嶽) tall mountain

   • 天子祭天下名山大川：五岳視三公，四瀆視諸侯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     天子祭天下名山大川：五岳视三公，四渎视诸侯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Tiānzǐ jì tiānxià míngshān dàchuān: wǔyuè shì sāngōng, sìdú shì zhūhóu. [Pinyin]

     The Son of Heaven sacrificed to all the famous hills and great streams under the sky: the five mountains receiving (sacrificial) honours like the honours paid (at court) to the three ducal ministers, and the four rivers receiving (sacrificial) honours like those paid to the princes of states.

2. (historical) name of a mountain (generally interpreted as 嵩山 (Sōng Shān, “Mount Song”) (Eno, 2009))

   • 壬子卜：又于岳。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Oracle Bone Inscription CZN 147 (1), from collection 殷墟小屯村中村南甲骨 ("Oracle bones from the center and south of Xiaotun village in the Wastes of Yin"). Transliterated and translated in Anderson (2015)

     Rénzǐ bǔ: yòu yú Yuè. [Pinyin]

     Crack-making on rénzǐ (day 49): Make an offering to Yuè.

   • 既修太原，至于岳陽。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     既修太原，至于岳阳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 7^th – 4^th centuries BCE

     Jì xiū tàiyuán, zhì yú Yuèyáng. [Pinyin]

     Having repaired the works on Tai-Yuan, he proceeded on to the south of (Mount) Yue.

3. parent-in-law
4. a surname

   岳飛／岳飞  ―  Yuè Fēi  ―  Yue Fei

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

Etymology 3 edit

References edit

• “岳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 嶽)

1. mountain peak
2. tall mountain

Readings edit

• Go-on: がく (gaku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: がく (gaku, Jōyō)
• Kun: たけ (take, 岳, Jōyō)
• Nanori: たける (takeru)

Alternative forms edit

• 嶽

Etymology 1 edit

Directly cognate with 丈 (take, “height”). Indirectly cognate with 高 (taka, “height”), 高い (takai, “high”), and 長ける (takeru, “to be high”).

Noun edit

岳(たけ) or 岳(だけ) • (take or dake) 

1. a tall mountain
2. a mountain peak
   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 612:

     Taqe. (タケ) (嶽・岳) 山脈や山の高い所, あるいは, 頂. これの本来の語はDaqe (だけ)である.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Suffix edit

岳(たけ) or 岳(だけ) • (-take or -dake) 

1. mount, mountain

   乗(のり)鞍(くら)岳(だけ) ― Norikura-dake ― Mount Norikura

Etymology 2 edit

Proper noun edit

岳(たけし) • (Takeshi) 

1. a male given name

Etymology 3 edit

Proper noun edit

岳(たける) • (Takeru) 

1. a male given name

Etymology 4 edit

Proper noun edit

岳(がく) • (Gaku) 

1. a male given name

References edit

• Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.

Hanja edit

岳 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Han character edit

岳: Hán Nôm readings: nhạc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.