渥

Translingual edit

Han character edit

渥 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水尸一土 (ESMG) or 難難水尸一 (XXESM), four-corner 3711₄, composition ⿰氵屋)

Derived characters edit

𩅵

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 634, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17770
Dae Jaweon: page 1041, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1689, character 6
Unihan data for U+6E25

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (屋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
握	*qroːɡ
幄	*qroːɡ
偓	*qroːɡ
渥	*qroːɡ
齷	*qroːɡ
楃	*qroːɡ
喔	*qroːɡ
腛	*qroːɡ
媉	*qroːɡ
屋	*qoːɡ
剭	*qoːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ).

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.		渥

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wò (wo⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ak¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ak / ok
(Teochew, Peng'im): og⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wò
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wò
  - Wade–Giles: wo⁴
  - Yale: wò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woh
  - Palladius: во (vo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ak¹
  - Yale: āk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ak⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: eg¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐk̚⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ak
  - Tâi-lô: ak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ak̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ak̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ok
  - Tâi-lô: ok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: og
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔk̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: og⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ok̚²/

Middle Chinese: 'aewk

Rime
Character	渥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	江 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	於角切
Baxter	'aewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/ʔɔk̚/
Wang Li	/ɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ok³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤrok/
(Zhengzhang): /*qroːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	渥
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wò
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔæwk ›
Old Chinese	/qˁrok/ (or ʔˁrok ?)
English	moisten, smear
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渥
Reading #	1/1
No.	13069
Phonetic component	屋
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	渥
Old Chinese	/*qroːɡ/

Definitions edit

渥

Compounds edit

丹渥
乾渥／干渥
優渥／优渥 (yōuwò)
周渥
奇渥溫／奇渥温
富渥
寵渥／宠渥
平渥
恩渥
慈渥
慶渥／庆渥
新渥
朴渥
榮渥／荣渥
殊渥
殷渥
沛渥
沾渥
深渥
渥丹
渥刑
渥厚
渥味
渥太華／渥太华 (Wòtàihuá)
渥寵／渥宠
渥彩
渥恩
渥惠
渥摯／渥挚
渥朱
渥水精
渥水駒／渥水驹
渥汗
渥沃
渥沛
渥洼
渥洽
渥流
渥渙／渥涣
渙渥／涣渥
渥漉
渥潤／渥润
渥澤／渥泽
渥然
渥盛
渥眄
渥眷
渥窪／渥洼
渥絳／渥绛
渥耀
渥赭
渥采
渥集
渥須／渥须
渥飾／渥饰
濡渥
獎渥／奖渥
眷渥
睿渥
神渥
聖渥／圣渥
茂渥
蕃渥
融渥
親渥／亲渥
豐渥／丰渥
醰渥
隆渥
霑渥／沾渥
鬱渥／郁渥
鴻渥／鸿渥

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.		渥

Pronunciation edit

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ak

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ak
  - Tâi-lô: ak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ag
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ak̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ak̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ak̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ak̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ak̚³²/

Definitions edit

渥

(Hokkien) Alternative form of 沃
- 2007, “感恩的花蕊”, 詹雅雯 (lyrics), 劉清池 (music)‎^[1]performed by 詹雅雯:
  渥思源頭的泉水　開感恩的花蕊 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  渥思源头的泉水　开感恩的花蕊 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  ak su goân-thâu ê chôaⁿ-chúi, khui kám-un ê hoe-lúi [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

渥

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings edit

Go-on: あく (aku)
Kan-on: あく (aku)
Kun: あつい (atsui, 渥い)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

渥 (eum 악 (ak))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

渥: Hán Nôm readings: ốc

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.