沸

Translingual edit

Han character edit

沸 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水中中弓 (ELLN), four-corner 3512₇, composition ⿰氵弗)

Derived characters edit

𰝌, 𩰾, 𩱣

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 614, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17251
Dae Jaweon: page 1007, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1597, character 1
Unihan data for U+6CB8

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		沸

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (弗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
鄪	*prɯds
費	prɯds, pʰɯds, *bɯds
砩	*pads
沸	*pɯds
疿	*pɯds
茀	pɯds, pʰɯd
髴	pʰɯds, pɯd, *pʰɯd
昲	*pʰɯds
靅	*pʰɯds
狒	*buds
怫	bɯds, bɯd
胇	*brɯd
艴	bɯːd, pʰɯd
弗	*pɯd
紼	*pɯd
柫	*pɯd
笰	*pɯd
拂	*pʰɯd
刜	pʰɯd, bɯd
彿	*pʰɯd
佛	*bɯd
坲	*bɯd
咈	*bɯd
炥	*bɯd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pɯds) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 弗 (OC *pɯd).

Etymology edit

Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *prut (“to boil”) (STEDT), whence Burmese ပြုတ် (prut, “to boil”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fèi, fú (fei⁴, fu²)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ, ㄈㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fai³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hùi / pùi / hut
(Teochew, Peng'im): hug⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fèi
  - Wade–Giles: fei⁴
  - Yale: fèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
  - Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fú
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fú
  - Wade–Giles: fu²
  - Yale: fú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
  - Palladius: фу (fu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fai³
  - Yale: fai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐi̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùi
  - Tâi-lô: huì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hui²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pùi
  - Tâi-lô: puì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: puix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pui²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hut
  - Tâi-lô: hut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hud
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hut̚³²/

Note:

hùi - literary (Quanzhou);
pùi - vernacular (Quanzhou).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: hug⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huk
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /huk̚²/

Middle Chinese: pj+jH

Rime
Character	沸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方味切
Baxter	pj+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷɨi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piuəi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puj^H/
Li Rong	/piuəi^H/
Wang Li	/pĭwəi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/pwe̯i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fei³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə.p[u][t]-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*pɯds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	沸
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèi
Middle Chinese	‹ pjɨj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*Nə.p[u][t]-s/
English	boil (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沸
Reading #	1/1
No.	3301
Phonetic component	弗
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	沸
Old Chinese	/*pɯds/

Definitions edit

沸

to boil; to bubble; to churn
to surge; to gush
to be in turmoil; to bustle
boiling; extremely hot
noisy

Compounds edit

人聲鼎沸／人声鼎沸 (rénshēngdǐngfèi)
以指撓沸／以指挠沸
以湯止沸／以汤止沸
以湯沃沸／以汤沃沸
共沸物 (gòngfèiwù)
四海鼎沸
天下鼎沸
扇火止沸
抽薪止沸
揚湯止沸／扬汤止沸 (yángtāngzhǐfèi)
救火揚沸／救火扬沸
民怨沸騰／民怨沸腾
江翻海沸 (jiāngfānhǎifèi)
沸反盈天
沸水 (fèishuǐ)
沸泉 (fèiquán)
沸沸
沸沸揚揚／沸沸扬扬 (fèifèiyángyáng)
沸涫
沸湯／沸汤
沸渭
沸濆／沸𣸣
沸然
沸熱／沸热
沸羹
沸騰／沸腾 (fèiténg)
沸點／沸点 (fèidiǎn)
沸鼎
海沸山搖／海沸山摇
海沸山裂
海沸江翻
海沸河翻
海沸波翻
煮沸 (zhǔfèi)
物論沸騰／物论沸腾
物議沸騰／物议沸腾
百沸湯／百沸汤
笙歌鼎沸
蜩沸
蜩螗沸羹
蟲鳴水沸／虫鸣水沸
觱沸 (bìfèi)
麋沸 (mífèi)
麋沸蟻動／麋沸蚁动
麋沸蟻聚／麋沸蚁聚
麻沸
麻沸散
鼎沸 (dǐngfèi)
鼎沸不絕／鼎沸不绝

References edit

“沸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Shinjitai (extended)	⿰氵厶
Kyūjitai	沸

Kanji edit

沸

(common “Jōyō” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿰氵厶)

seethe
boil

Readings edit

Go-on: ひ (hi)
Kan-on: ひ (hi)
Kan’yō-on: ふつ (futsu, Jōyō)
Kun: わく (waku, 沸く, Jōyō); わかす (wakasu, 沸かす, Jōyō)

Derived terms edit

沸(わ)かす (wakasu)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

沸 • (bi, bul) (hangeul 비, 불, revised bi, bul, McCune–Reischauer pi, pul, Yale pi, pul)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

沸: Hán Nôm readings: phí, phất

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.