檸

Translingual edit

Han character edit

檸 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木十心弓 (DJPN), four-corner 4392₁, composition ⿰木寧)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 558, character 44
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15742
Dae Jaweon: page 948, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1311, character 2
Unihan data for U+6AB8

Chinese edit

trad.		檸
simp.		柠^*

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (寧) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
濘	neːs, neːŋʔ, *neːŋs
獰	*rnaːŋ
檸	*rnaːŋʔ
儜	*rneːŋ
薴	*rneːŋ
鬡	*rneːŋ
鑏	*rneːŋ
嬣	*rneːŋ
寍	*neːŋ
寗	*neːŋs
甯	*neːŋs
寧	*neːŋ
鸋	neːŋ, neːŋs
嚀	*neːŋ
聹	neːŋ, neːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnaːŋʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 寧 (OC *neːŋ).

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): níng (ning²)
(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ning⁴, ning^4-2
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lêng / lê
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶gnin / ²gnin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: níng
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: níng
  - Wade–Giles: ning²
  - Yale: níng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ning
  - Palladius: нин (nin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ning⁴, ning^4-2
  - Yale: nìhng, níng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ning⁴, ning^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: ning⁴, ning^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɪŋ²¹/, /nɪŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

Note: ning4-2 - short form in compounds.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, dated in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
  - Tâi-lô: lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê
  - Tâi-lô: lê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lee
  - IPA (Taipei): /le²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /le²³/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnin
  - MiniDict: nyin^去
  - Dictionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲin²³/
- (Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²gnin
  - MiniDict: nyin^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲin²²³/

Middle Chinese: nraengX

Rime
Character	檸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	拏梗切
Baxter	nraengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠæŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚaŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/naŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳaɨjŋ^X/
Li Rong	/nɐŋ^X/
Wang Li	/nɐŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/nɐŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	něng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nang⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*rnaːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	檸
Reading #	1/1
No.	9547
Phonetic component	寧
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	檸
Old Chinese	/*rnaːŋʔ/

Definitions edit

檸

Only used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng); also used as its short form.

Compounds edit

檸七／柠七 (níngqī)
檸樂／柠乐 (nínglè)
檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng, “lemon”)
檸檬素／柠檬素
檸檬酸／柠檬酸 (níngméngsuān)
檸水／柠水
檸茶／柠茶 (níngchá)
檸蜜／柠蜜
青檸／青柠 (qīngníng)

Etymology 2 edit

Contracted form of 吶亨／呐亨.

Pronunciation edit

Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶nan

Wu
- (Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶nan
  - MiniDict: nan^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /nã²³¹/

Definitions edit

檸

(Suzhounese) how

References edit

“檸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

檸

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Compounds edit

檸檬(レモン) (remon, “lemon”)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

檸 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 녕 (remon ( lemon ) nyeong), South Korea 레몬 (lemon) 영 (remon ( lemon ) yeong))

Hanja form^? of 녕 (“lemon”).

Compounds edit

영몽 (檸檬, yeongmong, “lemon”)

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

檸: Hán Nôm readings: nịnh

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.