揖

Translingual edit

Han character edit

揖 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手口尸十 (QRSJ), four-corner 5604₁, composition ⿰扌咠)

salute, bow
defer to, yield

Derived characters edit

𮣇, 𪮯, 䔱, 䉗

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 442, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12351
Dae Jaweon: page 793, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1916, character 1
Unihan data for U+63D6

Chinese edit

trad.		揖
simp. ^#		揖

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (咠) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
楫	*ʔseb
檝	ʔseb, zib
湒	*ʔsib
咠	ʔsib, sʰib
葺	ʔsib, sʰib, *zib
緝	*sʰib
諿	*sʰib
輯	*zib
箿	*zib
蕺	*ʔsrib
戢	*ʔsrib
濈	*ʔsrib
霵	ʔsrib, zrib
揖	*qib

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yī (yi¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jap¹
Northern Min (KCR): ĭ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ip
(Teochew, Peng'im): ib⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁷iq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yī
  - Zhuyin: ㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yi
  - Wade–Giles: i¹
  - Yale: yī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: i
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jap¹
  - Yale: yāp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jap⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeb¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐp̚⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ip
  - Tâi-lô: ip
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ib
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ip̚⁵/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ip̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ib⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ip
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ip̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁷iq
  - MiniDict: ih^入
  - MiniDict: ieh^入
  - Dictionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴iq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /iɪʔ⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /iɪʔ⁴³/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /iəʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 揖
Mandarin	Beijing	/i³⁵/
	Harbin	/i⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/i²¹/
	Jinan	/i²¹³/
	Qingdao	/i⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/i²⁴/
	Xi'an	/i²¹/
	Xining	/ji⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/i¹³/
	Lanzhou	/i¹³/
	Ürümqi	/i²¹³/
	Wuhan	/i²¹³/
	Chengdu	/i³¹/
	Guiyang	/i²¹/
	Kunming	/i³¹/
	Nanjing	/iʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/iəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/iʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/i³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/iɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/iəʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔiəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/j̠ai²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/iʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/i⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/i²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/i²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/iʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/ia⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɐp̚⁵/
	Nanning	/jɐp̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/jɐp̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ip̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ɛiʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/i²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ip̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ip̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: 'jip

Rime
Character	揖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	伊入切
Baxter	'jip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔip̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiəp̚/
Wang Li	/ĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jap¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qip/
(Zhengzhang): /*qib/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	揖
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yī
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjip ›
Old Chinese	/*qip/
English	bow (v.), salute
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	揖
Reading #	1/1
No.	10170
Phonetic component	咠
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	揖
Old Chinese	/*qib/

Definitions edit

揖

to salute with one hand clasping the other in front of one's chest
to politely decline; to modestly decline

Compounds edit

三揖
三揖三讓／三揖三让 (sānyīsānràng)
作揖
張揖／张揖
打恭作揖
打躬作揖
拜揖
拱手作揖
拱揖
揖客
揖揖
揖讓／揖让 (yīràng)
羅圈兒揖／罗圈儿揖
聳揖／耸揖
長揖／长揖
開門揖盜／开门揖盗 (kāiményīdào)

Pronunciation 2 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jí (ji²)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cap¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jí
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jí
  - Wade–Giles: chi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cap¹
  - Yale: chāp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsap⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: ceb¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐp̚⁵/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.qrip/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	揖
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jí
Middle Chinese	‹ tsip ›
Old Chinese	/*s.qrip/ (dialect: MC tsr- > ts-)
English	cluster together
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions edit

揖

Alternative form of 輯／辑 (jí, “to gather”)

References edit

“揖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

揖

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings edit

Go-on: ゆう (yū)
Kan-on: ゆう (yū)
Kun: えしゃく (eshaku); ゆずる (yuzuru); おす (osu)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

揖 • (eup, jeup) (hangeul 읍, 즙)

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Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

揖: Hán Nôm readings: ập

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.